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Backward Design: A pedagogical approach where a teacher designs instruction around goals, not assignments. Rather than create assignments first, instructors identify course goals and then design assignments to support those goals. Online Writing Instruction (OWI) - The practice of teaching writing in online, hybrid, and remote environments within specific pedagogical theories and best practices. Online Classes:聽Can feature both remote and online instruction, but online classes usually do not have synchronous components. Students complete聽work on their own time, often聽without the use of required, synchronous meetings. Remote Classes:聽Like a face-to-face class, only instructors and students attend virtually, via appropriate collaboration software. Virtual attendance is required. Flipped Class:聽Students work individually to gain exposure to new material, then use class meetings to complete higher forms of cognitive work such as application, problem-solving, debate, synthesis, etc. For additional information, see Berrett, 贬测产谤颈诲/叠濒别苍诲别诲:听Some online work is done independently, then regular, face-to- face (F2F) required class meetings are held. Instructors often use the 鈥渇lipped鈥 class under this model. Asynchronous:聽Students work at their own pace, on their own time to meet course objectives. (What most of us think of a fully 鈥渙nline鈥 course). Synchronous: Class meets via collaborative software (i.e. Canvas, Zoom, Blackboard, etc.) at the same time. We typically see this in 鈥渞emote鈥 classes. HyFlex: This term comes from a blend of 鈥淗ybrid鈥 and 鈥淔lexibility.鈥 A pedagogical model where instruction and course content are offered both F2F (or remotely) and in an online format. Students may choose to utilize both options during the course. Example: Students may work independently on class assignments and then meet F2F/remotely with the instructor and peers for F2F interaction.

Universal Design:聽The pedagogical practice of designing elements of the course so that they are accessible to all. Examples 鈥 Using font size and bolding, underlining, etc. instead of color to emphasize points, or enabling closed- captioning for all videos, etc.